The advent of innovative theories about the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders has ushered in a new era on the basis of the role of the immune system and inflammation in mediating depression in its multifaceted manifestations. Extensive studies have confirmed the proinflammatory status in depression and causal relationships with neurotransmitter dysregulation. Equally importantly the role the autonomic nervous system plays in this complex and multifactorial interplay of body systems is being increasingly elucidated.
Transitioning to bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable condition, which can progress from an asymptomatic period in at-risk individuals to a potentially debilitating illness. Identifying individuals who are at a high risk of developing bipolar disorder may provide an opportunity for early intervention to improve outcomes. The main objective of this systematic review is to